chapter15

= Rise of the Machines: From Agriculture to Industry =

From 1865 to 1910 the U.S. experienced a surge of industrial growth. These decades witnessed the beginnings of a “second industrial revolution.” A “new industrial order” was created with the development of cheap steel, the completion of a nationwide rail network, the invention of the telephone and typewriter, the introduction of new sources of energy, and the rise of big business. **People:** Granville T. Woods, Lewis Latimer, Thomas Edison, Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller ||  || Immigration is one of the dynamic forces that has shaped the U.S. Immigrants fleeing persecution or poverty or seeking a better life had founded the first colonies, and immigrants had continually added to the nation’s population. As the 19th century drew to a close, a wave of new immigrants came to America’s shores in search of opportunity. ||  || Spurred by industrialization and immigration, American cities grew dramatically during the second half of the century. In 1865 only 14 American cities had populations of more than 100,000 and only 20 percent of Americans lived in urban areas. By 1900 the nation was 40 percent urban and ad 29 cities with populations in excess of 100,000. With growth came other changes, and a distinct urban culture developed. **People:** Jane Addams, Janie Porter Barrett, Lillian Wald, Caroline Bartlett, John Dewey ||  ||
 * === Industry's Golden Age ===
 * === The New Immigrants ===
 * === Urban Life ===